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Publicado: 2023-06-29

Una correlación de las fechas del calendario gregoriano y el tonalpohualli en la piedra del calendario azteca

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Thomas L. Grigsby

Doctor en antropología por la Universidad de Oregon. Investigador independiente con interés en la etnohistoria y cosmovisión de los nahuas. Entre sus publicaciones se encuentran “In the Stone Warehouse: The Survival of a Cave Cult in Central Mexico”, Journal of Latin American Lore, 1986; “Xilonen en Tepoztlán: A Comparison of Tepoztecan and Aztec Agrarian Ritual Schedules”, Ethnohistory, 1992 (con Carmen Cook de Leonard); “The Morning Star and the Chompola Squash Cycle in Tepoztecan Ritual”. Estudios de Cultura Náhuatl 55, 2018.Correo electrónico: thomaslenhartgrigsby@gmail.com

calendario azteca tonalpohualli Motecuhzoma II Quinto Sol eventos astronómicos tolteca

Resumen

Este ensayo propone que el mensaje central transmitido en la Piedra del Calendario Azteca (ACS) fue conmemorar y fusionar la creación mítica de la última era mexica, el “Quinto Sol”, con la ascensión de Motecuhzoma II al trono mexica. Esta fusión del tiempo mítico con un evento histórico puede entenderse al leer algunos de los ideogramas del monumento que representan días específicos en el calendario adivinatorio mexica (tonalpohualli). Después de una breve descripción de la ACS, presento un memorial que conmemoró la inauguración de Motecuhzoma II en 1503 E.C. y examino los ideogramas seleccionados por su significado en la religión mexica. Luego correlacioné los días del calendario gregoriano designados por los ideogramas con eventos astronómicos reconocidos como importantes por los mexicas; esto resultó en una sensación de singularidad hasta 1503 E.C. Luego busqué un año cuyas fechas correspondieran a 1503 E.C. con una coincidencia casi perfecta encontrada en 1167 E.C., un año que marcó la agonía final de la civilización tolteca. Se examina la posible razón de la fusión de 1167 E.C. y 1503 E.C. y termino el ensayo con la inclusión de datos que sugieren la presencia de dos calendarios de 365 días (xiuhpohualli) dentro del año estudiado. 

Citas

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Cómo citar

Grigsby, Thomas L. 2023. «Una correlación De Las Fechas Del Calendario Gregoriano Y El Tonalpohualli En La Piedra Del Calendario Azteca». Estudios De Cultura Náhuatl 66 (junio):47-78. https://nahuatl.historicas.unam.mx/index.php/ecn/article/view/78090.
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